Software Distribution Using the ESP Package Manager
ESP-004-20010705
Michael Sweet
Copyright 1999-2001 by Easy Software Products
This document provides a tutorial and reference for the ESP Package Manager ("EPM") software, version 3.0.
This document is organized into the following chapters and appendices:
Various font and syntax conventions are used in this guide. Examples and their meanings and uses are explained below:
| Example | Description | |
|---|---|---|
epm
epm(1) | The names of commands; the first mention of a command or function in a chapter is followed by a manual page section number. | |
| /var
/usr/bin/epm | File and directory names. | |
| Request ID is Printer-123 | Screen output. | |
| lp -d printer filename ENTER | Literal user input; special keys like ENTER are in ALL CAPS. | |
| foo start of long command \
end of long command ENTER | Long commands are broken up on multiple lines using the backslash (\) character. Enter the commands without the backslash. | |
| 12.3 | Numbers in the text are written using the period (.) to indicate the decimal point. |
The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual:
This chapter provides an introduction to the ESP Package Manager ("EPM").
Software distribution under UNIX/Linux can be a challenge, especially if you ship software for more than one operating system. Every operating system provides its own software packaging tools and each has unique requirements or implications for the software development environment.
The ESP Package Manager ("EPM") is one solution to this problem. Besides its own "portable" distribution format, EPM also supports the generation of several vendor-specific formats. This allows you to build software distribution files for almost any UNIX/Linux operating system from the same sources.
When Easy Software Products was founded in 1993, we originally shipped software only for the SGI IRIX operating system. In 1997 we added support for Solaris, which was quickly followed by HP-UX support in 1998.
Each new operating system and supported processor required a new set of packaging files. While this worked, it also meant that we had to keep all of the packaging files synchronized manually. Needless to say, this process was far from perfect and we had more than one distribution that was not identical on all operating systems.
As we began developing the Common UNIX Printing System ( http://www.cups.org/) in 1998, our initial goal was to add support for two additional operating systems: Linux and Compaq Tru64 UNIX. If we wanted to avoid the mistakes of the past, we clearly had to change how we produced software distributions.
The first version of EPM was released in 1999 and supported so-called "portable" software distributions that were not tied to any particular operating system or packaging software. Due to popular demand, we added support for vendor-specific packaging formats in the second major release of EPM, allowing the generation of portable or "native" distributions from one program and one set of software distribution files.
As we looked for a solution to our problem, we naturally investigated the existing open-source packaging systems. Under Linux, we looked at the RedHat Package Manager ("RPM") and Debian packaging software ("dpkg" and "dselect"). For the commercial UNIX's we looked at the vendor-supplied packaging systems. Table 1.1 shows the results of our investigation.
| Format | Operating Systems1 | Binaries? | Cross- Platform? | Patches? | Upgrades? | Conflicts? | Requires? | Replaces? | Config Files? | Map Files? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| installp | AIX | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| pkg_add | FreeBSD
NetBSD OpenBSD | Yes | Yes2 | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| dpkg | Corel Linux
Debian GNU/Linux | Yes | Yes2 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| swinstall | HP-UX | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| inst | IRIX | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| pkgadd | Solaris | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| rpm | Mandrake
RedHat SuSE TurboLinux | Yes | Yes2 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| setld | Tru64 UNIX | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
As you can see, none of the formats supported every feature we were looking for. One common fault of all these formats is that they do not support a common software specification file format. That is, making a Debian software distribution requires significantly different support files than required for a Solaris pkg distribution. This makes it extremely difficult to manage distributions for multiple operating systems.
All of the package formats support binary distributions. The RPM and Debian formats also support source distributions that specifically allow for recompilation and installation. Only the commercial UNIX formats support patch distributions - you have to completely upgrade a software package with RPM and Debian. All but the Solaris pkg format allow you to upgrade a package without removing the old version first.
When building the software packages, RPM and Debian force you to
create the actual directories, copy the files to those directories, and
set the ownerships and permissions. You essentially are creating a
directory for your software that can be archived in the corresponding
package format. To ensure that all file permissions and ownerships are
correct, you must build the distribution as the root user or use the
fakeroot software, introducing potential security risks and
violating many corporate security policies. It can also make building
distributions difficult when dynamic data such as changing data files
or databases is involved.
The commercial UNIX formats use software list files that map source files to the correct directories and permissions. This allows for easier delivery of dynamic data, configuration management of what each distribution actually contains, and eliminates security issues with special permissions and building distributions as the root user. Using the proprietary format also has the added benefit of allowing for software patches and using the familiar software installation tools for that operating system. The primary disadvantage is that the same distributions and packaging software cannot be used on other operating systems.
EPM was designed from the beginning to build binary software distributions using a common software specification format. The same distribution files work for all operating systems and all distribution formats. Supporting source code distributions was not a goal since most RPM and Debian source distributions are little more than wrapping around a compressed tar file containing the source files and a configure script.
Over the years, additional features have made their way into EPM to support more advanced software packages. Whenever possible, EPM emulates a feature if the vendor packager does not support it natively.
The EPM web site provides access to the current software and documentation for EPM:
http://www.easysw.com/epm/
The EPM source code can be downloaded in compressed tar files or via the popular CVS software. Please see the EPM web site for complete instructions.
The Easy Software Products news server provides several newsgroups for EPM. You can access it at:
news.easysw.com
Commercial support for EPM is available from Easy Software Products and is one way to contribute to the continued development of EPM. The other way to contribute is by donating code, examples, and bug fixes. If you have adapted EPM for another operating system or have added a new feature that you feel will be generally useful, please contribute it!
This chapter shows how to configure, build, and install the ESP Package Manager.
EPM requires very little pre-installed software to work. Most items
will likely be provided as part of your OS. Your development system
will need a C compiler, the make(1) program (GNU, BSD, and
most vendor make programs should work), the Bourne (or
Korn or Bash) shell (sh(1)), and gzip(1).
The optional graphical setup program requires a C++ compiler, the X11 libraries, and the FLTK library. FLTK is available at the following URL:
http://www.fltk.org/
Your end-user systems will require the Bourne (or Korn or Bash) shell
(sh), the df(1) program, the tar(1)
program, and the gzip(1) program to install portable
distributions. All but the last are standard items, and most vendors
include gzip as well.
Note:
Thegzipprogram is only required to uncompress the software distribution .tar.gz file. If you supply the uncompressed .tar file or its contents, thengzipis not required on the end-user system.
EPM can also generate vendor-specific distributions. These require
the particular vendor tool, such as rpm(8) and
dpkg(8), to generate the software distribution on the development
system and load the software distribution on the end-user system.
EPM uses GNU autoconf(1) to configure itself for your
system. The configure script is used to configure the EPM
software, as follows:
./configure ENTER
If the configure script is unable to determine the name
of your C or C++ compiler, set the CC and CXX
environment variables to point to the C and C++ compiler programs,
respectively. You can set these variables using the following commands
in the Bourne, Korn, or Bash shells:
export CC=/foo/bar/gcc ENTER export CXX=/foo/bar/gcc ENTER
If you are using C shell or TCsh, use the following commands instead:
setenv CC /foo/bar/gcc ENTER setenv CXX /foo/bar/gcc ENTER
Run the configure script again to use the new commands.
The default installation prefix is /usr, which will place
the EPM programs in /usr/bin, the setup GUI in
/usr/lib/epm, and the man pages in /usr/man. Use the
--prefix option to relocate these files to another directory:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local ENTER
The configure script also accepts the --bindir
, --libdir, and --mandir options to relocate
each directory separately, as follows:
./configure --bindir=/usr/local/bin --libdir=/usr/local/lib \
--mandir=/usr/local/share/man ENTER
The setup GUI requires the X11 and FLTK libraries. If these libraries
are not provided in standard locations, then the
--with-x-includes, --with-x-libs,
--with-fltk-includes, and --with-fltk-libs options
can be used to tell the configure script where to find
them, as follows:
./configure --with-x-includes=/usr/X11R6/include \
--with-x-libs=/usr/X11R6/lib \
--with-fltk-includes=/usr/local/include \
--with-fltk-libs=/usr/local/lib ENTER
Once you have configured the software, type the following command to compile it:
make ENTER
Compilation should take a few minutes at most. Then type the following command to determine if the software compiled successfully:
make test ENTER Portable distribution build test PASSED. Native distribution build test PASSED.
The test target builds a portable and native
distribution of EPM and reports if the two distributions were generated
successfully.
Now that you have compiled and tested the software, you can install
it using the make command or one of the distributions that
was created. You should be logged in as the super-user unless you
specified installation directories for which you have write permission.
The su(8) command is usually sufficient to install
software:
su ENTER
make CommandType the following command to install the EPM software using the
make command:
make install ENTER Installing EPM setup in /usr/lib/epm Installing EPM programs in /usr/bin Installing EPM manpages in /usr/man/cat1 and /usr/man/man1 Installing EPM documentation in /usr/share/doc/epm
The portable distribution can be found in a subdirectory named using the operating system, version, and architecture. For example, the subdirectory for a Linux 2.4.x system on an Intel-based system would be linux-2.4-intel. The subdirectory name is built from the following template:
os-major.minor-architecture
The os name is the common name for the operating system.
Table 2.1 lists the abbreviations for most operating systems:
| Operating System | Name |
|---|---|
| AIX | aix |
| Compaq Tru64 UNIX
Digital UNIX OSF/1 | tru64 |
| FreeBSD | freebsd |
| HP-UX | hpux |
| IRIX | irix |
| Linux | linux |
| NetBSD | netbsd |
| OpenBSD | openbsd |
| Solaris | solaris |
The major.minor string is the operating system version
number. Any patch revision information is stripped from the version
number, as are leading characters before the major version number. For
example, HP-UX version B.11.11 will result in a version number string
of 11.11.
The architecture string identifies the target processor.
Table 2.2 lists the supported processors:
| Processor(s) | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Compaq Alpha | alpha |
| HP Precision Architecture | hppa |
| INTEL 80x86 | intel |
| MIPS RISC | mips |
| IBM Power PC | powerpc |
| SPARC
MicroSPARC UltraSPARC | sparc |
Once you have determined the subdirectory containing the distribution, type the following commands to install EPM from the portable distribution:
cd os-major.minor-architecture ENTER ./epm.install ENTER
The software will be installed after answering a few yes/no questions.
The test target also builds a distribution in the native
operating system format, if supported. Table 2.3 lists the native
formats for each supported operating system and the command to run to
install the software.
| Operating System | Format | Command |
|---|---|---|
| AIX | aix | installp -d
directory epm |
| Compaq Tru64 UNIX
Digital UNIX OSF/1 | setld | setld -a
directory??? |
| FreeBSD
NetBSD OpenBSD | bsd | cd
directory
|
| HP-UX | depot | swinstall
-f directory |
| IRIX | inst | swmgr -f
directory |
| Linux | rpm | rpm -i
directory/epm-3.0.rpm |
| Solaris | pkg | pkgadd -d
directory epm |
This chapter describes how to use EPM to package your own software packages.
EPM reads one or more software "list" files that describe a single
software package. Each list file contains one or more lines of ASCII
text containing product or file information. Comments start with the
# character, directives start with the % character,
variable start with the $ character, and files,
directories, and symlinks start with a letter.
Every list file needs to define the product name, copyright, description, license, README file, vendor, and version:
%product Kung Foo Firewall %copyright 1999-2001 by Foo Industries, All Rights Reserved. %vendor Foo Industries %license COPYING %readme README %description Kung Foo firewall software for your firewall. %version 1.2.3p4 1020304
The %license and %readme directives specify
files for the license agreement and README files for the package,
respectively.
The %product, %copyright, %vendor
, and %description directives take text directly from the
line.
The %version directive specifies the version numbers of
the package. The first number is the human-readable version number,
while the second number is the integer version number. If you omit the
integer version number, EPM will calculate one for you.
Each file in the distribution is listed on a line starting with a letter. The format of all lines is:
type mode owner group destination source
Regular files use the letter f for the type field:
f 755 root sys /usr/bin/foo foo
Configuration files use the letter c for the type field:
c 644 root sys /etc/foo.conf foo.conf
Directories use the letter d for the type field and use
a source path of "-":
d 755 root sys /var/spool/foo -
Finally, symbolic links use the letter l (lowercase L)
for the type field:
l 000 root sys /usr/bin/foobar foo
The source field specifies the file to link to and can be a relative path.
Wildcard patterns can be used in the source field to include multiple files on a single line:
f 0444 root sys /usr/share/doc/foo *.html
The epm(1) program is used to build software
distributions from list files. To build a portable software
distribution for an application called "foo", type the following
command:
epm foo ENTER
If your application uses a different base name than the list file, you can specify the list filename on the command-line as well:
epm foo bar.list ENTER
EPM can also produce vendor-specific distributions using the -f
option:
epm -f format foo bar.list ENTER
The format option can be one of the following keywords:
aix - AIX software distribution.bsd - FreeBSD, NetBSD, or OpenBSD software
distribution.depot or swinstall - HP-UX software
distribution.dpkg - Debian software distribution.inst or tardist - IRIX software
distribution.native - "Native" software distribution (RPM, INST,
DEPOT, PKG, etc.) for the platform.pkg - Solaris software distribution.portable - Portable software distribution (default).rpm - RedHat software distribution.setld - Tru64 (setld) software distribution.Everything in the software list file stays the same - you just use
the -f option to select the format. For example, to build
an RPM distribution of EPM, type:
epm -f rpm epm
The result will be an RPM distribution file instead of the portable distribution file.
Once you have created the software distribution, you can install it. Portable distributions create an install script called product.install, where "product" is the name of the package:
cd os-release-arch ENTER ./product.install ENTER
After answering a few yes/no questions, the software will be
installed. To bypass the questions, run the script with the now
argument:
cd os-release-arch ENTER ./product.install now ENTER
EPM also provides an optional graphical setup program. To include the
setup program in your distributions, create a product logo image in XPM
format and use the --setup-image option when creating your
distribution:
epm --setup-image foo.xpm foo ENTER
This chapter describes the advanced packaging features of EPM.
The %include directive includes another list file:
%include filename
Includes can be nested, usually up to 250 levels (depends on the host operating system and libraries.)
Software conflicts and requirements are specified using the
%incompat and %requires directives. If your software
replaces another package, you can specify that using the
%replaces directive (%replaces is silently mapped to
%conflicts when the distribution format does not support
package replacement.)
Dependencies are specified using the package name and optionally the lower and upper version numbers:
%requires foobar %requires foobar 1.0 %incompat foobar %incompat foobar 0.9 %replaces foobar %replaces foobar 1.2 3.4
or the filename:
%requires /usr/lib/libfoobar.so %incompat /usr/lib/libfoobar.so.1.2
Package dependencies are currently enforced only for the same package format, so a portable distribution that requires package "foobar" will only look for an installed "foobar" package in portable format.
Filename dependencies are only supported by the Debian, portable, and RPM distribution formats.
Bourne shell script commands can be executed before or after
installation, patching, or removal of the software. The
%preinstall and %postinstall directives specify
commands to be run before and after installation, respectively:
%preinstall echo Command before installing %postinstall echo Command after installing
Similarly, the %prepatch and %postpatch
directives specify commands to be executed before and after patching
the software:
%prepatch echo Command before patching %postpatch echo Command after patching
Finally, the %preremove and %postremove
directives specify commands that are run before and after removal of
the software:
%preremove echo Command before removing %postremove echo Command after removing
The %system directive can match or not match specific
operating system names or versions. The operating system name is the
name reported by uname in lowercase, while the operating
system version is the major and minor version number reported by
uname -r:
%system irix%system linux-2.0%system !irix !linux-2.0The special name all is used to match all operating
systems:
%system all
For format-specific files, the %format directive can be
used:
%format rpm%format !rpm%format allEPM supports portable software patch distributions which contain only the differences between the original and patch release. Patch files are specified using uppercase letters for the affected files. In the following example, the files /usr/bin/bar and /etc/foo.conf are marked as changed since the original release:
f 755 root sys /usr/bin/foo foo F 755 root sys /usr/bin/bar bar f 755 root sys /usr/share/man/man1/foo.1 foo.man f 755 root sys /usr/share/man/man1/bar.1 bar.man C 644 root sys /etc/foo.conf foo.conf
EPM imports the current environment variables for use in your list file. You can also define new variable in the list file or on the command-line when running EPM.
Variables are defined by starting the line with the dollar sign (
$) followed by the name and value:
$name=value
$prefix=/usr
$exec_prefix=${prefix}
$bindir=$exec_prefix/bin
Variable substitution is performed when the variable is defined, so be careful with the ordering of your variable definitions.
Also, any variables you specify in your list file will be overridden
by variables defined on the command-line or in your environment, just
like with make. This can be a useful feature or a curse,
depending on your choice of variable names.
As you can see, variables are referenced using the dollar sign (
$). As with most shells, variable names can be surrounded by
curly braces (${variable}) to explicitly delimit the name.
If you need to insert a $ in a filename or a script, use
$$:
%install echo Enter your name: %install read $$name %install echo Your name is $$name.
Initialization scripts are generally portable between platforms, however the location of initialization scripts varies greatly.
The i file type can be used to specify and init script
that is to be installed on the system. EPM will then determine the
appropriate init file directories to use and create any required
symbolic links to support the init script:
i 755 root sys foo foo.sh
The previous example creates an init script named foo on the end-user system and will create symbolic links to run levels 0, 2, 3, and 5 as needed.
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Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Create software packages
epm [ -a architecture ] [ -f format ] [ -g ] [ -k ] [ -n[mrs] ] [ -s setup.xpm ] [ --setup-image setup.xpm ] [ --setup-program /foo/bar/setup ] [ --setup-types setup.types ] [ -v ] [ name=value name=value ] product [ listfile ]
epm generates software packages complete with installation, removal, and (if necessary) patch scripts. Unless otherwise specified, the files required for product are read from a file named " product.list".
The -a option ("architecture") specifies the actual architecture for the software. Without this option the generic processor architecture is used ("intel", "sparc", "mips", etc.)
The -f option ("format") specifies the distribution format:
Executable files in the distribution are normally stripped of debugging information when packaged. To disable this functionality use the -g option.
Intermediate (spec, etc.) files used to create the distribution are normally removed after the distribution is created. The -k option keeps these files in the distribution directory.
The -s and --setup-image options ("setup") include the ESP Software Wizard with the specified XPM image file with the distribution. This option is currently only supported by portable distributions.
The --setup-program option specifies the setup executable to use with the distribution. This option is currently only supported by portable distributions.
The --setup-types option specifies the setup.types file to include with the distribution. This option is currently only supported by portable distributions.
The -v option ("verbose") increases the amount of information that is reported. Use multiple v's for more verbose output.
Distributions normally are named "product-version-system-release-machine.ext" and "product-version-system-release-machine-patch.ext" (for patch distributions.) The "system-release-machine" information can be customized or eliminated using the -n option with the appropriate trailing letters. Using -n by itself will remove the "system-release-machine" string from the filename entirely.
Debian, IRIX, portable, and Red Hat distributions use the extensions ".deb", ".tardist", "tar.gz", and ".rpm" respectively.
EPM maintains a list of variables and their values which can be used to substitute values in the list file. These variables are imported from the current environment and taken from the command-line and list file as provided. Substitutions occur when the variable name is referenced with the dollar sign ($):
%install echo What is your name: %install read $$name %install echo Your name is $$name
f 0555 root sys ${bindir}/foo foo
f 0555 root sys $datadir/foo/foo.dat foo.dat
Variable names can be surrounded by curley brackets (${name}) or alone ($name); without brackets the name is terminated by the first slash (/), dash (-), or whitespace. The dollar sign can be inserted using $$.
The RPMDIR environment variable will override where EPM looks for RPM distributions you generate. The default locations are /usr/src/redhat/RPMS, /usr/src/RPM/RPMS, /usr/src/packages/RPMS, and /usr/local/src/RPMS.
EPM does not currently support generation of IRIX software patches.
epm(1) - create software packages.
epminstall(1) - add a directory, file, or
symlink to a list file.
mkepmlist(1) - make an epm list file from
a directory.
epm.list(5) - epm list file format.
Copyright 1999-2001 by Easy Software Products, All Rights Reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
Add a directory, file, or symlink to a list file.
epminstall options file1 file2 ... fileN directory
epminstall options file1 file2
epminstall options -d directory1 directory2 ... directoryN
epminstall adds or replaces a directory, file, or symlink in a
list file. The default list file is epm.list and can be
overridden using the EPMLIST environment variable or the
--list-file option.
Entries are either added to the end of the list file or replaced in-line. Comments, directives, and variable declarations in the list file are preserved.
epminstall recognizes the standard Berkeley install command options:
epm(1) - create software packages.
mkepmlist(1) - make an epm list file from
a directory.
epm.list(5) - epm list file format.
Copyright 1999-2001 by Easy Software Products, All Rights Reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
Make an EPM list file from a directory.
mkepmlist [ -g group ] [ -u user ] [ --prefix directory ] directory [ ... directory ]
mkepmlist recursively generates file list entries for files, links, and directories. The file list is send to the standard output.
The -g option overrides the group ownership of the files in the specified directories with the specified group name.
The -u option overrides the user ownership of the files in the specified directories with the specified user name.
The --prefix option adds the specified directory to the destination path. For example, if you installed files to /opt/foo and wanted to build a distribution that installed the files in /usr/local, the following command would generate a file list that is installed in /usr/local:
mkepmlist --prefix=/usr/local /opt/foo >foo.list ENTER
epm(1) - create software packages.
epminstall(1) - add a directory, file, or
symlink to a list file.
epm.list(5) - epm list file format.
Copyright 1999-2001 by Easy Software Products, All Rights Reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
Graphical setup program for the ESP package manager.
setup [ directory ]
setup provides a graphical installation interface for EPM-generated portable installation packages. It presents a step-by-step dialog for collecting a list of packages to install and accepting any license agreements for those packages.
setup searches for products in the current directory or the directory specified on the command-line.
The default type of installation is "custom". That is, users will be able to select from the list of products and install them.
setup also supports other types of installations. The setup.types file, if present, defines the other installation types.
epm(1) - create software packages.
setup.types(5) - epm gui setup types file
format.
Copyright 1999-2001 by Easy Software Products, All Rights Reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
This appendix provides a complete reference for the EPM list file and setup types formats.
Each EPM product has an associated list file that describes the files to include with the product. Comment lines begin with the "#" character and are ignored. All other non-blank lines must begin with a letter, dollar sign ("$"), or the percent sign ("%").
The following list describes all of the list file directives supported by EPM:
EPM maintains a list of variables and their values which can be used to substitute values in the list file. These variables are imported from the current environment and taken from the command-line and list file as provided. Substitutions occur when the variable name is referenced with the dollar sign ($):
%install echo What is your name:
%install read $$name
%install echo Your name is $$name
f 0555 root sys ${bindir}/foo foo
f 0555 root sys $datadir/foo/foo.dat foo.dat
Variable names can be surrounded by curley brackets (${name}) or alone ($name); without brackets the name is terminated by the first slash (/), dash (-), or whitespace. The dollar sign can be inserted using $$.
The EPM setup program normally presents the user with a list of software products to install, which is called a "custom" software installation.
If a file called setup.types is present in the package directory, the user will instead be presented with a list of instal- lation types. Each type has an associated product list which determines the products that are installed by default. If a type has no products associated with it, then it is treated as a custom installation and the user is presented with a list of packages to choose from.
The setup.types file is an ASCII text file consisting of type
and product lines. Comments can be inserted by starting a line with the
pound sign (#). Each installation type is defined by a line starting
with the word TYPE. Products are defined by a line
starting with the word INSTALL:
TYPE Typical End-User Configuration INSTALL foo INSTALL foo-help TYPE Typical Developer Configuration INSTALL foo INSTALL foo-help INSTALL foo-devel INSTALL foo-examples TYPE Custom Configuration
In the example above, three installation types are defined. Since the last type includes no products, the user will be presented with the full list of products to choose from.
This appendix lists the change log for each release of the EPM software.